Main Theme

This timeline meticulously chronicles the gradual yet decisive separation of Christianity from its Jewish origins, detailing pivotal events and theological developments up to 400 CE. Beginning with the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus, the narrative highlights critical moments like Paul's mission to the Gentiles and the Council of Jerusalem, which fundamentally established a non-Jewish path to Christian identity. The destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE profoundly impacted both faiths, forcing Judaism to reform while solidifying Christianity's distinct trajectory. Later, the completion of the New Testament canon and pronouncements by influential Church Fathers like Justin Martyr and Tertullian further articulated Christian doctrines as separate from, and often superseding, Jewish law. Finally, imperial decrees such as the Edict of Milan and the Edict of Thessalonica elevated Christianity to the official religion of the Roman Empire, marking its complete political and theological independence from Judaism

The Video Overview

0. The Great Divorce.mp4

Download Slide Deck

0. From Sect to Imperial Faith.pdf

Timeline

Here's a detailed timeline outlining the key developments in the separation of Christianity from its Jewish origins, extending to 400 CE:

The Separation of Christianity from Judaism: A Timeline to 400 CE

c. 30-33 CE: Crucifixion and Resurrection of Jesus

• Analysis: The pivotal event establishing Christianity. While Jesus and his first followers were Jewish, his death and claimed resurrection formed the core of a new faith. The interpretation of these events as fulfilling prophecy, but in a radical new covenant, began to differentiate this nascent movement from traditional Judaism.

c. 33-36 CE: Pentecost and the Formation of the Jerusalem Church

• Analysis: The outpouring of the Holy Spirit marked the birth of the Christian community. Though deeply rooted in Jewish tradition, the rapid growth and diverse composition (Hellenist and Hebraic Jews) created internal pressures that would eventually push for distinct identity.

c. 34-36 CE: Conversion of Paul

• Analysis: Paul's conversion and subsequent mission to the Gentiles were critical. His theology of salvation by faith in Christ, not by adherence to the Mosaic Law (especially circumcision), directly challenged a fundamental aspect of Jewish identity and laid the groundwork for a non-Jewish Christian path.