The concept of "messiah" in late Second Temple Judaism was remarkably fluid, extending beyond royal figures to include priests, prophets, and even the entire people of Israel or foreign kings. However, the biblical figure of David—warrior-king and ancestor of an eternal dynasty—came to dominate messianic expectations, especially within the early Jesus movement. Following Jesus' crucifixion as "King of the Jews," his followers experienced unexpected resurrection appearances, which profoundly reshaped their understanding. These visions alleviated initial trauma, confirming their belief in the imminent arrival of God’s Kingdom and Jesus' role in it. This conviction propelled the nascent community to settle in Jerusalem, continuing Jesus' mission to prepare Israel for the End. As the anticipated Kingdom remained delayed, new interpretations emerged. Davidic traditions were extensively re-imagined, leading to the "Davidization" of Jesus, where his future return as a triumphant warrior-messiah was envisioned and retroactively woven into his earthly lineage. The mission expanded unexpectedly to include Gentiles, posing debates about their inclusion without traditional Jewish practices like circumcision, though requiring renunciation of pagan worship. Later gospel narratives, written after the temple's destruction in 70 CE, reflected these evolving theological understandings and historical traumas, portraying Jesus' life and predictions not as strict historical reports but as persuasive proclamations of his messianic identity.


The Individual Topics

1. Up To Jerusalem

2. God’s Holy Mountain

3. From Miracle To Mission

4. Beginning From Jerusalem

5. The Ends Of The Age